Value --Its Classification and Strategies for inculcation

Spriha Nath

VALUE - Its Concept Values are the beliefs, experiences, and life goals that most of society's members hold, consciously and unconsciously. Values evolve over time. It first emerges at a specific historical point and lasts for a considerable time. There are no definitive forms or demonstrative experiences; instead, values are upheld by harmony and universal consensus. Value is a choice influenced by people's and society's priorities. It is a medium that allows for properly assessing or attributing qualities to objects. Value is a moral and subjective phrase that refers to anything nice and giving. Interest, pleasure, likes, moral obligations, needs, wants, aversions, attractions, beliefs, and other mental priorities are all connected. Value is used as a criterion when choosing an action, whether via doing, thinking, or deeds. Value is the foundation for classifying actions as good or terrible, right or wrong.  The principle of value that we ought to follow guides our lives smoothly to attain the modification of our inner self. Classification of Values: Classifying values is difficult because different people and psychologists have varied perspectives on how to classify values. The literature that is currently accessible on values has classed values in several ways. This is because values are interdependent and strongly linked, making it difficult to categorize them according to strict standards. Values can shift to accommodate societal expectations and requirements. As a result, value classification may also change. Taking into consideration its nature and comprehensiveness of the area of application, value may be classified under the following heads - Economic Value, Social Value, Moral Value, Religious and Spiritual Value, Aesthetic Value, Democratic Value, Ethical Value, Intellectual Value, Health and Physical Value, etc. Some of the strategies through which educational institutions can do value inculcation among students: ●      Discipline of Moral Philosophy – Moral philosophy is a required subject in school curricula, along with lessons on moral issues. Through this, students will gain a theoretical understanding of moral philosophy, enabling them to apply it in their own lives. For instance, teaching pupils about Gandhi's Seven Sins and Western and Indian intellectual traditions might assist them in developing their moral faculties. ●      Observation learning and peer influence –Students generally watch their teachers, peer group, and other adults in the classroom and take notes on how they behave. For instance, hanging around with bad boys can teach someone how to behave properly. ●      Anecdotes – Anecdotes are stories from real life that capture authentic human emotions and expressions. This could leave a long-lasting impression on the learner. Children may be motivated to lead moral lives, for instance, by hearing anecdotes from the lives of Gandhi, Lincoln, and others. ●      Group activity –Role-playing, gaming, discussions, group projects, and more are examples of group activities. Through these activities, students understand the value of cooperation, teamwork, etc.. ●      Social control –Values like obedience, respect, and discipline must be taught in schools. Schools teach conformity by encouraging students to be diligent future workers and law-abiding citizens. ●      Social Integration –Educational establishments shape a heterogeneous populace into a cohesive community. Bringing people's attitudes, beliefs, practices, and feelings into harmony organizes society socially, which is crucial in countries with social diversity like India. ●      Enforcement mechanism –As the official setting for socialization, schools have strict enforcement policies that reward moral behaviour and severely punish immoral behaviour. For instance, cheating on an exam is strictly prohibited by schools, and test takers who do well are publicly rewarded.

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